CHAPTER REPORT 6
Visuals
Nonprojected Visuals
Nonprojected visuals can translate abstarct ideas into a more realistic format. Nonprojected visuals are easy to use because they do not require any equipment. They are particulary helpful with objectives requiring identification of people, places, or things.
Still Pictures
Still pictures are photographic representations of people, places, and things.They are readily available in books, magazines, newspapers, catalogs, and calendars. You can include skill in decoding textbook pictures in instructional objectives to motivate learners to use them for study purposes.
Drawings
Drawings, sketches, and diagrams employ the graphic arrangement of lines to represent persons, places, things, and concepts. Drawings are, in general, more finished and representational than sketces, which are likely to lack detail. Teacher-made drawings can be effective aids to learning.
Charts
Charts are visual representations of abstract relationships such as chronologies, quantities, and hierarchies. A chart should have a clear, well-defined instructional purpose. A well designed chart should communicate its message primarily through the visual channel.
Graphs
Graphs provide a visual representation of nummerical data. Data can be interpreted more quickly in graph form than in tabular form. Graphs are also more visually interesting than tables. You and your students can use drawing programs for layout and design as well as for drawing and illustrating.
Posters
Posters incorporate visual combinations of images, lines, color, and words. They are intended to catch and hold the viewer’s attention at least long enough to communicate a brief message, usually persuasive one. Posters can be effective in numerous learning situations. An effective learning technique is to have students design posters as part of class project, during fire prevention week or dental health month.
Cartoons
Cartoons are perhaps the most popular and familiar visual format. Cartoons are easily and quickly read and appeal to children and adults alike. You can often use them to make or dom as well as wit.
Projected Visuals
Projected visuals are defined here as media formats in which still images are enlarged and displayed on a sreen. Such projection may be achieved by passing a strong light through transparent film, magnifying the image through a series of lenses, and casting this image onto a reflective surface.
Document Cameras
The document cameras is a video camera mounted on a copy stand, pointed downward at documents, flat pictures, or graphics and small objects.Some document cameras can be folded into portable units and moved into classrooms.
Overhead Projection
The typical overhead projector is a simple device. Basically, its is a box with a large specture, or “stage,” on the top surface. In another sort of overhead projector, the light source is above the projector stage and shines down the transparency.
Creating Overhead Transparancies
· Direct Drawing Method
The most obvious way of quickly preparing a transparency is simply to draw directly on a transparent sheet with a marking pen.
· Electrostatic Film Process (Xerography)
All plainpaper copiers that operate by the electrotastic film (xerography) process can be used to make black and white transparencies.
· Overheads Created by Computer
With presentation graphics software, such as Microsoft’s Power Point, even users without specialized graphics training can create attractive graphic displays in a form suitable for professional presentation.
Slides
The term slide refers to a small format photographic transparency individually mounted for one at a time projection.
Teacher and Student Produced Slides
A major advantage of slides as an instructional medium is the ease with which both teachers and students can be produce them.
· Producing “Slide Shows” by Digital Photography
· Producing Slides by Copying Visuals
· Producing Slides with a Computer
Digital Images
CD-ROM
CD-ROM has the capacity to handle not only quality sound but also large quantities of text and visuals. CD_ROM is a storage system that utilizes a compact, rugged, and lightweight disc only 12 centimetes in diameter. They are popular in school setting, library media centers, and classrooms of all sorts.
Photo CD
The photo CD utilizes digital technology to store photographic images. For only a few dollars you can have your photographs, from a regular camera, developed and placed on a compact disc.
DVD-ROM
Similar to the CD-ROM, DVD-ROM is also a digital storage format, but with greater capacity. DVD-ROM is an ideal medium for text, visuals, animation, motion video, and audio formats that have large storage requirements.
Digital Camera
Instead of storing the visuals on photographic film, digital cameras connect directly to a computer to place the image onto the computer. These images can be used in many different ways. It is also possible to use software programs, such as Photoshop, tp alter the images in ways that enchance or improve their quality or the nature of the image.
Stills from Videotape of Videodisc
Videodiscs resemble silver, shiny photograph records. They are also referred to as laser discs. Recorded images and sound are stored of these disc in analog format.
Digital Image Projection
Digital images can be shown to individuals using a computer monitor. For showing these images to a group, you can use a large television monitor, an LCD panel on a overhead projector, or a data projector.
